Aqueous Extracts of Four Medicinal Plants and Their Allelopathic Effects on Germination and Seedlings: Their Morphometric Characteristics of Three Horticultural Plant Species

Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon of synthesizing and excreting compounds that can affect the growth various organisms, i.e., plant species. The aim this work was to investigate possible allelopathic influence aqueous extracts, obtained from species chia (Salvia hispanica L.), black cumin (Nigella sativa wormwood (Artemisia absinthium nettle (Urtica dioica on seed germination morphometric characteristics pepper (Capsicum annuum spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) lettuce (Lactuca seedlings in laboratory conditions. Pepper, spinach, were treated with extracts chia, nettle, wormwood, different concentrations (2.5, 5 10%, respectively). prepared according method developed by Norsworthy qualitative quantitative analysis phenolic performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Phytochemical composition showed highest content (above 1 mg L−1) epicatechin, quinic acid, caffeic esculetin cinnamic acid comparison others total 19 detected chemical compounds. In cumin, there six above L−1, esculetin, kaempferol. same most abundant along gallic acid. Epicatechin only two extract concentration higher than L−1. According results study, treatment seeds 2.5% before stimulates seeds, herbs 2.5 5% stimulate hypocotyl radicle length seedlings. 10% completely inhibited germination.